Fluid-pressure motor.



l. MGGQNNELL.

PLUU) PRESSURE MOTOR.

APPLlGATON FILED JAN, 1D, N10` 1,013,885, Patented Jan.9,1912

M Mmm/$5 :1,913,535i Famed Jan.9,1912.

7 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

WTNESSES I INVENTOR .iwf 6 6M/7' aw ya?? U 7 Am J. MQCONNBLL.

FLUID PRESSURE MOTOR.

APPLICATION TILBD JAN,10,191D. 1,01 3,885, Patented Jang, 1912.

7 SHEETBSHEET 3.

INVENTOR INVENTOR its Patented J an. 9, 1912.

MEAD, wm

s558525* ff f L MGCUNNELL.

FLUID PRESSURE MOTOR.

' APPLIUATIQH FILED JAN 10,1910

Patented Jan. 9, 1912.

T SHEETS-@HEBT 5.

Mgt r WMMIIUI K Vflss ES @www J. MCCGNNELL.

Hum PRESSURE Momie..

APFLIUANGN FILED JAN. 10, 1910.

Patented Jan. 9, 1912.

7 BHBETS-SHBET 6.

7k IN' snjron m5 J. MGCONNELL FLUID 'PRESSURE MOTOR.

APPLICATION FILED JAN, w. 19m

1,1S,885. y Patented Jan. 9,1912.

WITNESSESI INVENTOH Josmn NocoNNELL, 'or coNNELLsvmLE, PENNSYLVANIA'FLUID-PRESSURE Moron.-

Speciiieation of Lettera Patent.

Patented Jan. 9,1912.

Application lcd January i0, 1910. Bei-tai No. 537.295.

To all whom it may concern.'A

Bc` it known that I, Jassen McCoNNnLi., residing at (lonnelisville, inthe county of Fayette and State oflennsylvanin, a citi- '/,en of theUnited States, have invented or discovered certain new and usefulimprovements' in FIuidJressure Motors, of which' of sectionheingindieated li the line l[,

Fig. 2; Fig. 2 is a sectioiia 'elevation in a iliineindieated hy theliuc 'lI-Il Fig. l; lf`igl3 isa sectional elevation on a plane indicatedhy the line III-111, .Fig. 2, limiting in the direction indicated hyanarrow w; l"ig. 4 is a similar view on a plane indicated by tlio lineIV-l'V, Fig L', looking in the direction in dieated by nu arrow; ["ig. 5is n sectional elevation on ii. ilane. indicated li' -the line .V---VFig. 4; l ig..( is an end.'

e evation, showingineelianisin for operating dividing doors of a motorwherein four or more explosions iwi-:revolution are ohtained;l.l"igs. 7and H are sei-tional detail vieii'svsliowiiig the positions of aiieiidat the endbf a compressing movement and at the time explosiontuteurs, and Fig. 2l is u detail View of tho valve. operatingini-eliaiiisin. ln thel praetieieofany invention, tlie heads l,y l", arearranged to traverse au annu lainaihanilrer 2 wliieli ispreferalilyeireiiliir vin eross-seetion.. 'l`lie heads wliieh roi-respondtransversely'to tliefeontonr of tlio annular working eliaiulier 'and areeuri'ed 4 of the. rotary iiienilwr. .This member is keyed to a slia't't.5 wliieh is mounted in hearings (i, preferably formed integral with thecastings 't'. 'lliese eastings 7 have annular ylie supporte recessesformed in their inner faces, said recesses being so constructed as toform, when the castings are bolted together the working chamber 2; Thesecastin ave tianges 8 projecting inward] from t. ewalls of the workingchamber, n opted when the castings are' bolted together to inclose theouter portion of th web or disk 4, between which and the flanges tightjointsnre formed by packing rin 9. In the construction siiiwn in Figs. 1to 5 thc working chamber or cylinder is divided into two sectionsorworkin;; ortions in eacho'f which is successively -e ected scavenging,feeding in `of gas, compression, and combustion. 'Ihe division of thecylinder into sections is effected b walls or abutments, which areirefemb y formed in sections l0 and li, wlhereby movement of eachabutment section throughl a distance lss than thi-.diameter of the.chamber is :sutileient tot remove each abutment out of the path of -tlieheads or torestore it to normal position ziemss the chamber.' The wallsor ahut'nieutsirc made of such dimensions that, when 'in position acrossthe workin ehaniher or cylinder, the outer portions wi and held rigidAby the" side walls of the grooves or pockets 12 and 13 in wliiehl the'aluxtments are arranged. lheso iol-lieta project laterally from thesides oi the. cylinder or working chamber, and preferably formed intel l`therewith. The. outer enils of the. poe (its are closed hy caps 14- andl5, iroiided with stiitiing lboxes itt, through which extend the stems1T and 'i8 of the wall or abutment. s ectjons. While these wall sectionsmay he shifted in and out liy any suitable. means, this may beconveniently ell'oetod by the construction' shown.' eousistilig 0flevers 19 dhd20, connected ati their outer ends' to the stems" 17 unil18, while their inner ends pro'ect into eani grooves -intlicfpcripheries of t rums 2 1 and .22 carried 'on tlie'fshuftfi. Thepockets' and grooves inwliiel "tiielwnll Scctlonshre.

he. ari-mima!4` in"'liiio' with each other, tisshoii'n n. l `ig. 8sothat the inner ends will ahnt one, against the other. In`the latterease, it is 'preferred that the inner ends of the. sections be so shapedas not only to abut,

as stated, but also to overlap, so as to insure tight. joints. In orderthat the packing rings b in the heads l 1' may not catch in the groov inwhich the abutment sections 5 move, the rings are so arranged that asthe heads 1 travel across said rooves the said rings will be angularlydisposed with respect.` to said grooves and each ring will progressivelyshear over each groove.

As shown in Figs. 7, and 8, each section of the cylinder is providedwith an inlet port 24, 24, and an outlet port 25, 25, locatedrespectively at the front and rear ends of the section. The exhaustports 25* 'and 25 are provided with valves 27 and 27, seating outwardly,and operated by any suitable mechanism, such as that shown, consistingof a system of connected levers 29 and 30 (see Figs. 2 and 3) attachedat one end to the stems of the valves 27a and 27, while the oppositeends en age a cam groove in the disk 31 on the sha t 5. lVhile the flowof the ex lesive mixture may be controlled if desir the suction exertedby the movement of the heads will generally be suflicient to insure a.roper supp y of the explosive mixture, if tliie inlet ports have freecommunication with the carbureter or other source of supply, and it willbe necessary only to provide check valves 32, to revent an outward flowof the gases, w en ignited, through the inlet ports.

Compression chambers 33 and 34 are provided, adjacent to cach of thedividing walls 3.5 or abutments. 10 and 11, and into these chambers .theexplosive mixture is forced and compressed by the heads in the workingchamber or cylinder 2. As such heads approach thc abutments, thesecomression 4o chambers 33 and 34 are connected y ports :5G and 37 (seeFi". 1) with the portions of the working chamber in which the inflowinggases are being compressed by the advanclng heads, 1, 1. The ports 3G,37 are controlled by valves 38 and 39, adapted to be seated againstpressure in working chamber by suitable sprin Such const-ructionofvalves permitst le explosive mixture to flow into the chambers 33, 34where itl is held until the valves 38, 39 are o iened, as hereinafterdescribed, to permit tie ex plosive mixture to flow into the workingchambers in advance of abutments l0' und 1l. 'l'hc opening ot the valves38, 39, to

bei-mit such flow of the explosive mixture luto the working,r chamber,is effected by lifting rods 4U und 41 Fi 4), mounted in suitable guides,and adapt to be shifted outwardly to lift `the valves, by a cum 42 `outhe shaft At their outer ends, the rods -IU Aand 41 are provided withmovable tappets 43 and 44, each adapted to be moved under either'oneof-arms 45 or 46 in the one` caso, 4.3* or 4G in the other, on the outer66 ends of the stems of the valves 38, 38* und 'ment sections.

39, 39, controllinfr communication between the compression chambers andthe working chamber. The rods 40 and 41 are held in contact with the camby springs 47.

As the motor may stop at a point midway, 70 or approximately midway,between the di riding walls or abutments, in which position of the partsexplosive mixture under suitable pressure, cannot be convenientlyintroduced, `provision is made for a further subdivision of the cylinderinto working sections by a sectional wall or abutment 48, arrangedapproximately midway between the abutments 10 and 11, as shown in F igs.

1, 3, 4, and 5. The abutment sections 48 are go substantially similar inconstruction and. mounting to those of abutments 10 and 11.' Provisionis made'for shifting these abutment sections 48 to closed position by amanuall operated lever connected to a rod 49 (see iig. 5). The rod 49 isproperly oonnected to pivotally mounted arms 50, so as to swin said armsin opposite directions, and at t e same time correspondin ly shift theabutment sections 48, the arms in in engagement with the stems 51 of thee ut- When necessary for starting the motor, the abutment sections 48are moved in across the working chamber b hand and, after the motor hasbeen starte the abutment sections must be moved back into their pockets52, and remain there during the normal operation of the' motor. Thisoutward movement may be effected automatically by levers 53, so mountedthat their inner ends extend into the cam groove in drums 22, Whiletheir outer ends engage slots 54 in the stems 51of the abutments. Theseslots are so located on the stems and of such a length that, when` theabutment sections are entire] withdrawn from the working chamber t eoscillation of the levers fwill not aliect the abutment sections,

but when the latter have been moved in by hand as stated, the nextoutward movement of the levers will withdraw the abutment sections intothe pockets. After the abutment sections have been moved in, explosivemixture is introduced into the cylinder on one side or the other of thewall or abutment, dependent on the direction in which the motor is to beoperated. A convenient means for introducing such explosive mixtureconsists of a pipe or passage 55, extending from the compressionchambers 33 12o and 34 connected by' branches or ports 56 und .'17 withthe working chamber on opposite sides of the abutmentAS, as 4shown inFig. 1. The direction of flow of the explosive is controlled by athree-way valve 58, preferably connected to the reversing lever of themotor. In the branches or ports 56 and 57 ciu-ck valves :'30 and 60 arearranged,

so as to open with the (low of explosive mixture into the cylinder.Adjacent to the compression chambers, controlling valves 61 and 62 arearranged. These valves are designed to be opened by hand to start themotor, but are preferably closed automatically by outwardly projectingstuds 63 and (S4 engaged by arms 4G and 45 on the stems of the valveswhich control the flow of gas from and to chambers 33 and 34, so that,as soon as the m`otor begins to operate normally, the controlling valvepreviously opened by handwill be closed.

In describing the operation of the motor,l it will besupposed to berotating in the direction of the arrow c (Fig. 1). The head 1 is beingmoved by the pressure of gases in the chamber section A. rearward ofAhead l and between it and abutment 11. In its forward movement head '1is compressiin a charge of explosive gas previously supp ied through aninlet port 24* (opposite the port 2G* shown in Fig. l-see Fig. 8) andforcing the same past valve 38 into chamber 33. At. the same time, thehead- 1; in moving through chamber section B is pushing vthe burnedgases of a previous explosion out through exhaust port 25, the valvecontrolling that port having been opened when abutment 10 Vhas closedbehind the advancing head 1*. At the same time, the head 1'* is drawinga fresh charge through port 24 into the portion of chamber B rearward othe advancing head 1. Vlhen the 'heads 1 and 1 have reached the position'shown ih Fig. ,1, the abutment sections 10 and l1 are drawn back intotheir-pockets, permitting the heads 1 and 1 to ass into chamber sectionsB and =A respectively. When the head 1 reaches the position shown indotted lines (Fig. 1), valve ls lifted by the conjoint operation of thecam 42 and rod 40, the compressed gases rush from chamber 33 into thespace in the rear of the head 1 and between the latter'and the abutment10, the sections of which are closed 'together immediately after thepassage of the head 1 between them. An i niter 650f the electric or anyother suitab e type, is arranged preferably in the port' leading fromthe compression chamber 33m the working chamber ll, and it now operatestoi ignite the gas-esas they flow into the, working chamber from thecompressing chamber 33. While being driven through chamber B by theexpansion of the charge behind it, the head l will com press thi-chargeof explosive gases previously drawn into chamber section B by the headll und drive such |compressed gases into the compressing chamber 34,from which it will flow again into the working chamber A behind the headl and he ignited, when the latterhas passed beyond the abutment 1l.While the head 1 is being thus driven through chamber section B and inits movement compressing a new charge,

f' the head ll is being moved through chamber A, forcin burnedgases'ahead of it and out of the ex aust port 25, and drawing in a freshcharge through inlet port 24.

It will be observed that the head 1, operates to seavenge each chamberand to draw a fresh charge t-hereinto, and that the other head 1 serves,while being driven by an ignited charge, tocompress a newly drawn chargeand force it into a compressing chamber, from which that charge will bedelivered behind the head 1, when it has entered the next chamber. `Itwill be observed that the compression chambers serve as a transfermeans, to receive a charge.from in front of the head l, and to deliverit into the working chamber, in the rear of the head 11, after thelatter has passed an abutment.

For operating the motor in a reverse direetion, a duplicate set of inletports 23, 23* and a duplicate set of exhaust ports 2G, 26 are provided.In reversing, the tappets 43 and 44 areshifted, so as to engage andshift at the proper times the valves 38 and 39, the

valves 38'* and 39 operating when the motor is reversed as check valves,permitting fresh charges to flow from chambers B and A into com ressingchambers 33 and 34 respective At the same time, the swinging mem ers aof the systems of levers 29 and 30 (see Fi 3) are shifted, so as tooperate exhaust va ves 28l and 28. Suitable provision is madefor thesimultaneous..` ifting of the tappets and the swinging mem rs a, as forexample in Fig. 3, a rod GGis provided with a finger 67 in engagementwith tappet 44 and also to one arm of a bellcrank lever 68, which hasits other arm conp bers a of thev lever systems employedfor.

operating the exhaust valves. rThe valve 58 of the starting mechanismmay also be connected by suitable means such as shown in Fig. 3 to therod fhso that said valve will be reversed at thc time the operatingmechanisms of the other valves are shifted.

lt will readily be understood by those skilled in the art. that, in amotor having one head and one abutment, a propelling explosion cnn behad on every other revolution. liy elupioying two abutments and one headone'explosion every revolution can b. had. lVhen using two heads and twoallotments (as in the drawings) two explosions per rcvolul ion will beobtained. lu Fig. (l is shown a motor having four dividing allotments,all operative in proper suclession by rams 22 on the main shaft. As Fig.6 shows only one side of the motor, it will be understood that themechanism shown, consisting of the cam 22 and levers 19, 19, 20, 20 foroperating the abutment by the rotation of said shaft to open andsections, will be duplicated on the opposite close across said annularchamber at diaside. Compression chambers 33 and 34' and' valvemechanisms controlling the flow of explosive mixture to and from thead-r ditional compression chambers are also provided. In thisconstruction, the means emplo ed for shifting the tappets onthe'valveshi ting rods 40, 40, 41, and 41 to reverse the motor videdwith fingers 73 engaging the several tappets. The movable members a ofthe mechanism controlling the exhaust valves are also connected to asimilar ring joined by radial arms 74 to ring 73, so that the mechanismsfor both series of valves will be operated simultaneously. Then usingfour abutments and two heads, four.ex plosions per revolution will beobtained, and using four heads and four abutments eight explosions perrevolution can be had.

I claim herein as my invention:

1. In a rotary motor, the combination of an annular chamber, a headmovable along said chamber and connected to a. concentric rotatingshaft, an abutment movable to and from a psition in which it forms atransverse wal across said annular chamber, a compression chamber intowhich gas is compressed b the movement of said head toward sai abutment,a port leading from said compression chamber to said annular chamber, avalve controlling said port, and an operating arm driven by the rotationof said shaft and in its movement shifting said valve to alternate openand closed positions, substantially as described.

2. In a rotary' motor, the combination of an annular cham ier, a headmovable along said chamber an connected to a concentric rotary shaft, anabutment movable to and from a ition in which it forms a trans verse wal across said annular chamber, and a compression chamber adjacent tosaid abutment and disposed partly on cach side thereof, said compressionchamber provided with direct communication to each side of said abutmentthrough the walls of the said annular chamber, said head in its rotationtoward said compression chamber adapted to compress to an operativepressure ignitible gas inlsaid compression chamber.

3. In a rotary motor, the combination of an annular chamber, a headmovable along said chamber and connected to a concentric rotary shaft, apair of abutments movable consist of a movable ring 72 pro metr'cellyopposite points, a third abutment movable manually to close across saidannulnr chamber at a point intermediate the air of abutments lirstnamed, and a port or propelling fluid openin into said annular chamberat one side o? said manually movable abutment, substantially asdescribed.

4. In a rotary motor the combination of an annular chamber. a headmovable along said chamber and connected to a concentric rotary shaft,an abutmentmovable to and from position in which it forms a transversewall across said annular chamber, a compression chamber into which gasis compressed by the movement of said head toward said abutment, andmeans for drcctin the explosive gas to either side of said heasubstantially as described.

5. In a rotary motor the combination of an annular chamber, a'headmovable along said chamber and connected to a. concentric rotary shaft,an abutment movable to and from position in which it forms a transversewall across said annular chamber, a. compression chamber into which gasis compressed by the movement. of said head toward said abutment, saidcompression chamber being placed adjacent to said abutment and providedwith valve-controlled ports communicating with said annular chamber oneach side of said abutment and means for reversing the action of thevalves within said ports, substa ntially as described.

6. In a rotary motor the combination ot an annular chamber, a headmovable along said chamber and connected to a concentric rotary shaft,an abutment movable to and from position in which it forms a transversewall across said annular chamber, a compression chamber into which as iscompressed b the movement of said head toward sai abutment, said annularchamber being rovded with ports on each side of said a utment, and meansfor introducing the explosive gas on either side of said abutment,substantially as described.

-In testimony whereof, I have hereunto set my hand.

Jaa. W. Daarin, FRANCIS J. ToMAssoN.

